Pap. Berlin P. 23040, a-c
Verena M. Lepper
Artefact metadata
Martina Grünhagen; Verena Lepper; Daniela C. Härtel
TEI encoding
Daniel A. Werning
Sandro Schwarz
Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, Berlin
Berlin
v2.1
Licence for this TEI document: Creative Commons, Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Germany
Berlin
Berlin, Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, SPK (P)
Berlin, Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, SPK (P)
Papyrussammlung
Pap. Berlin P. 23040
Pap. Berlin P. 23040, a-c
This object contains a private copy of a lamentation about the destruction of the main temple and an invocation to a god to take revenge on the destroyers.
recto
Lamentation
papyrus
papyrus
width x heigh
Frg. 1: 65x120
Frg. 2: 35x130
Frg. 3: 25x50
Frg. 4: 50x40
Frg. 5: 15x30
Frg. 6: 35x35
Frg. 7: 10x20
Frg. 8: 25x25
Frg. 9: 40x60
Frg. 10: 30x30
Frg. 11: 20x20
Frg. 12: 55x15
Frg. 13: 20x20
- object's condition: incomplete
The papyrus is preserved in six large fragments or groups of fragments and 30 smaller fragments without direct joins. Their positioning relative to each other is mostly unclear. There are holes and breaks.
- text's condition: incomplete
The very fragmentary text is a palimpsest. There are vertical lines that separate columns (single or double lines). It is likely that some of these lines are remains of the previous text and that the scribe used this partitioning for his own text. Sometimes, the scribe wrote above the lines and into the next column. In these cases, curved lines separate the line from the text of the other column. One time, a curved line was used to divide the main text from another text. Sheet joins of the papyrus were not always left blank.
Parts of 13 very fragmentary columns are preserved. The text could have consisted of more than 13 columns due to the uncertainty concerning the space of the gaps between the fragments and the lost beginning. It is likely that there was a second text on this object.
“The […] papyrus Berlin 23040 shows several cases where lines forgotten by the scribe were added in the margins. In order to show their position, demotic numerals indicating the exact line were used in addition to a mark going back to the hieratic form of [Gardiner D51]. […] It seems that the numbers were counted from the top if the addition was in the upper margin, but from the bottom if the addition was in the lower margin.” (Quack, Nachträge, 343)
width x heigh of the columns:
Col. x+I-x+II: 155x305
Col. X+III-x+IV: 130x175
Col. x+V-x+VII: 210x285
Col. x+VIII: 111x285
Col. X+IX-x+XI: 200x260
Col. x+XII-x+XIII: 180x275
The text on the verso of the columns x+V, x+VI and x+XIII is rubbed out.
The handwriting is irregular.
The text is stichic.
Egypt
Upper Egypt, 1st nome
Elephantine
Rubensohn, Otto / Zucker, Friedrich (excavation directors)
Egypt
Upper Egypt, 1st nome
Elephantine
Elephantine is not mentioned directly in the text, but “The temple of Khnum”, the description “The House of the Ba” for this temple and “The House of the snake” for Satet appear. In the comment by Bidolin, who was the first to work on it, Elephantine was noted as provenience.
Burkard (Klagelied, 2, n. 5) refers that the origin of the papyrus is not as abvious as it seemed (the origin in the Zucker-Rubensohn-excavation is not 100% sure), but internal evidence makes it very plausible that the origin really is Elephantine, nevertheless.
permission for publication assigned
magazine | papyrus depository
The papyrus is distributed on four glass plates
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
31-37
135, no. 200
101-105
35-37
75-92
14-67
343-347
120-121
[http://www.trismegistos.org/tm/detail.php?quick=69736]
(Unknown)
Amulet charm
documentary
account
horizontal format
vertical format
administrative document
bill
commentary
contract
horizontal format
documentary | contract | promissory note
vertical format
dedication
dept instrument
diary
foundation charter
hypomnema
horizontal format
vertical format
indictment
Documentary | Jar Label
legal document
letter
"Urkundenformat"
horizontal format
letter address
private
transversa carta
vertical format
list
name list
onomasticon
product list
marriage contract
names
note
oath
vertical format
offer
documentary | official
documentary | official letter
Order for payment or delivery
documentary | order to arrest
petition to the king (enteuxis, mkmk)
proskynema
act of worhsip wšt.t
name
Documentary | Ration List
receipt
tax receipt
tombstone
will/testament
Documentary | Wooden Label
drawing
commentary
vigniette
literary
biography
commentary
eulogy
historic
lamentation
narrative
prose
verse
poetry
wisdom
instruction
proverb(s)
(no inscription)
(other)
petition to the emperor
Prescription
religious
Christian
commentary
dedication
divination
litany
magical
oracular inquiry
Gnostic
Islamic
religious | Islamic | amulet
dedication
divination
litany
magical
oracular inquiry
ritual
Jewish
dedication
divination
litany
magical
oracular inquiry
ritual
Manichaic
Mesopotamian
polytheistic Aramaian
polytheistic Egyptian
dedication
divination
litany
love charm
magical
oracular inquiry
ritual
unclear religion
dedication
divination
litany
magical
oracular inquiry
religious-literary
Christian
Biblical
New Testament
Old Testament
commentary
eulogy
hymn
lithurgical
monastical
myth
patristic
prayer
Gnostic
commentary
eulogy
hymn
prayer
Islamic
commentary
eulogy
hymn
myth
prayer
Qurʾānic
Jewish
commentary
eulogy
Hebrew Bible
hymn
myth
prayer
Manichaic
commentary
eulogy
hymn
prayer
Mesopotamian
commentary
eulogy
hymn
myth
prayer
polytheistic Aramaian
commentary
eulogy
hymn
myth
prayer
polytheistic Egyptian
Book of the Dead
Coffin Text
commentary
eulogy
hymn
myth
prayer
Pyramid Text
unclear religion
commentary
eulogy
hymn
myth
prayer
scientific
astronomy
Book of Dream
commentary/gloss
math
calculation
essay
geometry
medicine
essay
prescription
scientific | Alchemical presciption
scientific | astrology
horoscop
writing exercise
(unclear)
Akkadian
Arabic
Aramaic, Imperial
Carian
Egyptian
Coptic
Akhmimic
Bohairic
Fayumic
Middle Egyptian / Oxyrhynkhitic
Old Coptic
Sahidic
Sub-Akhmimic
Demotic
Early Demotic
Early Demotic - Ptolemaic Demotic
Ptolemaic - Roman Demotic
Ptolemaic Demotic
Roman Demotic
Late Egyptian
Later Egyptian
Middle Egyptian
Middle Egyptian, Classical
Middle Egyptian, Late
Neo-Middle Egyptian
Old Egyptian
pre-Coptic Egyptian
pre-Coptic Egyptian / Greek
Ptolemaic
Egyptian languages
English
German
Greek, Ancient
Greek, Ancient or Coptic
Hebrew
Hebrew, Ancient
Late Aramaic
Latin
Libyan
Mandaic
Meroitic
Nabataean
(none)
(not identified)
Nubian
Old Nubian
Old Persian
Pahlavi
Phoenician
Semitic language
Syriac
Uninscribed
Late Aramaic
Arabic
Aramaic, Imperial
Carian
Coptic
Coptic Cursive
Coptic Half-uncial
Coptic Uncial
Egyptian
Cursive Hieroglyphs
Demotic
Early Demotic
Early to Middle Demotic
Late Demotic
Middle Demotic
Middle to Late Demotic
Hieratic
Abnormal Hieratic
Archaic Hieratic
Late Hieratic
"Späthieratische Buchschrift"
Middle Hieratic
"Mittelhieratische Buchschrift"
"Mittelhieratische Kanzleischrift"
New Kingdom Hieratic
"Neuhieratische Buchschrift"
"Neuhieratische Kanzleischrift"
Old Hieratic
Hieroglyphs
Cryptography
Hieroglyphs | Late Period
Ptolemaic
Greek
Greek or Coptic
Hebrew
Latin
Meroitic Cursive
Meroitic Hieroglyphs
(none)
(not identified)
Pahlavi
Phoenician
Syriac
uninscribed
The very fragmentary text is a palimpsest. There are vertical lines that separate columns (single or double lines). It is likely that some of these lines are remains of the previous text and that the scribe used this partitioning for his own text. Sometimes, the scribe wrote above the lines and into the next column. In these cases, curved lines separate the line from the text of the other column. One time, a curved line was used to divide the main text from another text. Sheet joins of the papyrus were not always left blank.
destruction of the temple
Khnum
Atum
ksm=k
ꜥwꜣy
smꜣ [n?=]k
smꜣy
jwꜥꜥ=k
tꜣ
sꜥrq
sꜣsꜣ
ḥn
mꜣs=k
jw ḏd
wḥꜣ=k pn
wnjry
ḥꜥḏꜣnn wn m njw.wt=k
ḫpr m .t=k m jsḥꜣq
tꜣ šps =tw nṯr.w=s wn j
ḫmj=w pw=k ḫnd=w mr
m wr tꜣ jm=f mꜣs
wr šsp nḫ.t n Jtm
sw m sb n tꜣ
sbḫt y ꜥꜣ.t m jwnn.t=k
nmtjt nmtj=k r=s
hꜣy.t=k wr.t ḥꜣy=sn
jqḥ=sn
r wry.t
nhmy.w
jmj-jr.t
hꜣy.w
nb.t-sbj.t(?)
r nb.w wdd
ꜥ.tb
ḥjḥ
w
ḫꜣ=k
ḥw.t
wr šfy.t w wꜥty m ḥw.t-bꜣ
ḥy m ḥw.t-bj.t=w dr.t ḥr mqr.t n pr-bꜣ-tꜣ(?)
šnšn.w ẖdj jmj
ḥw.t H̱nmw qꜣ
gꜣp
wy
y.t=s
bẖ m snf=s
wrḏ(?) ḥsb=f snbꜣw
=s wšr m ꜥnḫ.w
.w nn wšm.tw jm=f
.w r s.t jḫꜣ.w
.tw =s snš(?) mrḥw m sḏꜣ.wt
=s m njkrḫ sꜣ.w
[mn]ḫ.t(?) wr wn m nṯrj.t qnd m ḥr šrjw
n.t ḥm.t m-sꜣ pr n nb.tThe following word is written beneath this line and above the next line-md.wt
m.w
[ms]ḏ.w m rmny.w
dnj.t=s ḏfꜣw
r.w=s mrḥw bꜥ.wj šꜣw
smꜣ ḥr=sn nn jr=sn
jw=s <ḥr> jtn ḫf.t.j.w
.w nb ḥr r
[b]w.t nb r ḥw.t-nṯr
[=s]n
r sḥtp=s ḥr
ḥr jry ḏd jb=sn
m štꜣ jw/r wbꜣ
m p.t
w jw=s ḥtp Šmꜥw
gs.w pr.w wr.w m ḏ.t šrj.w
nn sḥtp.tw jmj.w jꜣ.wt=sn
nn wn rḫ=sn jw sḥrjw bw.t
ḥw.t sꜣw.tj sš.w bd m ḥr n ḫmj
bꜣwy.w rꜥ sš.w m-ꜥ nḫn.w
ꜥqy m sḥ.t jry=f ḫbꜣ
jj sꜣbw jry.tw m ḏd.w
[nḏ]m(?)=k m jb.w
pw wšd tw
snj jḫw.w
m ḫpdy jb.w
ꜥq
ḥms
sḏm=s(?)
wp.t
wr.w
šrjw
[=s]n(?) šrp(?) n ꜣḫ.t=f r-ꜥ m fqꜣw.w n jnb
gs-pḫꜣwn smd.w=f rḏ jw/r msw[.w]
gnn.t m snf wꜣḏy.t=f
ḫbyn.tj.w m njw.t=f
hꜣjw.w=f m šꜣyr=f
ḥp.w sḥr m nd
jr=f sšꜣ.tw pꜣ
jnby.w
pḥꜣ
r rw.tj m
=f.tw=f m ꜥfj
.w jm ntt=sn jm
s=sn bw.t=f jm
ꜣw=sn ḫ.t m ḥtm.t=f m(?)
=sn mꜣhꜣdj.t=f
.t=f m sꜣ pr thꜣw
ḥꜥḏꜣw=sn jm
jb(-bw.t) n nṯr jm
nn sꜣ=sn jr=k(?)
m sš(?)
jwjw(?) jm(?)
rwḥꜣ m
ntj(?) n(?) nb(?)
ꜣy m ꜣw
.tw.tw wn=k
[ꜥḥꜣ]w.tjw(?)=sn
ḏbꜥ=k r=sn ṯsbꜣ=k
ḥrs(?) gꜣbꜣ
rqy=k jm
wsf ḥn.tj
m ḫpr.w nb
m(?) .w m s.w
jw=n ntj m jb
.w pw swrswtj
=f šfy=k ḥꜣ tp jb=sn
nb r=sn m wn rmn.wj=sn ḥr=k
[nd]b=k mn(?) ḏꜣr=sn
=k n=sn m tꜣḥw m ẖ.t=sn
m stj.w m ḥꜣ.t jb=sn
qꜣjs=k jwn.t=k ḫfꜥ=k šsr=k
wdj=k r sꜥrq jm=sn
p=k st m mꜣs=k y
mtnj.t
jnjn.t=k ḥ[nꜥ=s(?)]n
py.w
ḏ{d}ft.w
.w
=k
=k dmꜣ
sꜣsꜣ=k
nbḥw=k nb.t
qfꜣ=k kfkf
mrḥw=k mry
mꜣs=k mḥr(?)
jbnt=k ꜣb
rdḥw=k rr.w
ẖry=k ḫrḫrj
wḥꜣ=k wḥꜣ
sjꜣr=k s
ꜥrq dm.t=k ꜥq
ꜣws=k sn
qs=k sn
=k sn
=k sn
=k sn
=k sn
=k sḥb n=sn
b n=sn
šsph
=k
=k
[=s]n
=sn
[=s]n
[=s]n
=s
=sn
[=s]n
mꜣ<ṯ>(?)=n n=k nb nṯr.w j
=n
dḫs=k tpw.w=sn
šsr=k šsm.w
qnbw=k qnw.w=s
wsḥ=k wsr
smt=k mḥ jb.w
ḏj=k jmj.w-jb.w=sn m jmj[.w] pr-
ḥr.t-ꜥ=k =k tbḥ.w js.t=sn ḥmr.w
ḫt=k ḫwj=sn knj=k kꜣ=sn
kꜣ jrj[.tw] wḥm-ꜥ m jrj=sn snf
jj=k ḏs=k bꜣy.tw qꜣ.tw
mhr [ḥ]tr ḥtp
ḥr=k s.t ḥr=k m-m-ꜥ
bq jw/r mrwt=k jm=f
ḥr=k ndbw=k ḫrw=n
=k spatium, no traces of signs recognisable. jw/r bšṯw
jm=f(?)
ḫsf ḏbꜣ jm=f
[wpj?] mꜣꜥ.t m njw.wt spꜣ.wt
.w m sḏmy.w jm=s
nn jdn.tw jm=s
šsp jm=f
tr m
m(?)
ẖr ꜥwꜣ
ntj jm=f
š
mj n js
nsw
ꜥꜣ
sdd
dns
šsm
ḥr=s
qꜣ
Mꜣj-ḥsw(?)
y.t
.t ṯꜣj
ḫr stj(?)
m ms=k
=n jm
ḥḏ(?)=sn jw s
wr
pn
You were attacked(?)
[you were(?)] robbed(?)
it was killed(?) for him
enemies of the gods(?)
your heritage
[enemies(?) ...]
[you were(?)] attacked(?)
[you were wounded(?)]
say(?)
you were robbed(?) this(?)
it is(?) make(?)
(it?) was robbed these , who are in your cities,
which occur(?) in your , as theft.
The noble(?) land, one has captured his(?) gods, which ae [there(?)]
which have overturned(?) your roof and which have entered(?) the [building](?)
great(?) the land in it
ofAtum
he(?) is perish(?)ing(?)
great in your sanctuary
your enemy(?) went(?) to him(?)
Your great hall, they have come(?)
They have entered
to the holy place
the dancers(?)
the cheering(?)
every man. There is(?)
The room(?)
Your office hall(?)
The house
with great reputation(?) the goat in the house of Ba
crocodile in the house of the king of Lower Egypt(?) her(?) hand on (at?) the meqeret-snake of (in?) the house of the serpent(?)
The enemies(?) are(?) overthrown(?) which(?) are the ones(?) in
the temple of Khnum
as weak one(?)
her
in front of her
his servants(?) are stumbled(?).
have a lack of grain,
it will not be slaughtered in it.
geeze to the place of massacre(?)
her is opened, misdemeanor {or the like} is in the treasures of the temple.
her as villain(?) knowing of the? / the? sons(?)
the great [mene]kh-garment(?) which(?) is a(?) god's cloth(?). Anger is(?) in the face of the small ones(?)
of the woman(?) in the house {or the like} of the lord of speech(?)
who are(?) carrier(?)
their are ruinous.
their are ruinous, both processional routes(?) are destroyed(?), they will not be renewed(?) (again).
jubilation(?) over them.
she opposes the enemies(?).
every with(?)
every abomination against the temple.
her
in order(?) to satisfy her with(?)
while doing that what their heart tolds (them).
as secret(?) in order to open(?)
at heaven(?).
in order to satisfy Upper Egypt
The great temples are like small ones(?).
Not are satisfied the ones who are in their places.
Not exists one who [knows](?) them to repell the abomination
The house of the scripttures is enlighted at the sight of [enemies of the temple],
the holy scriptures are in the hands of children.
Who enteres the temple, makes [destruction](?)
The sabu comes, it will be acted with the words
you/your in the hearts.
it is, one talks(?) to
passing the images(?) of the gods
peevishness of hearts(?)
has entered
siting
listening
the message(?)
the great ones
the small ones(?)
They(?) (Their?) the grain(?) of his farmland(?), (it is?) given as "gift to the enemies"(?)
the offering bread of his employeeship is given(?) to the children(?)
the weak one(?) in front of his pillared hall.
the criminals in his city.
wild animals(?) at his gate(?).
their runners(?) are fallen(?) in
their(?) , destroyed(?) is/was the(?) .
enemy(?).
divided(?).
to the outside(?)
he will as greedy one (? / in greed?)
there(?) their emanation there(?)
their(?they?) his abomination [(is?) there (?) ...]
they (?) his lock (? {or the like})
they(?) his gate(?)
his (?) behind(?) the evildoer.
they rob there(?).
the(?) rebel against the god there(?).
these(?) their back(?) against you(?)
complain(?) there(?)
kill(?)
their [fight]ers(?)
against them; may you blind(?)
blind(?)
your enemies there.
neglect(?) the time limit
in every appearance.
as(?) enemies(?)
our who(?) in the heart
[enemies {or the like}] are who make tired(?)
your reputation(?) behind their hearts.
you/your against them while opening their arms over(?) you.
you may hear that their need(?) endures(?)
you may them(?/forthem?) of (?/at?) the most meagre food in their body(?).
as(?) enemies(?) in their hearts.
may you(?) string your bow(?), may you fetch your arrow(?)
may you beat until an end is done with them.
with(?) your knife
knife
your knife [with] them(?)
the fleas(?)
worms(?)
you [may]
you [may bind(?)] the ones lying(?) on their belly
you may attack
you may blind(?) the mistress(?)
you may cut(?)
you may devastate
you may injure the following
you may do evil(?) to
you may subdue
you may blockade(?) the destroyers(?)
you may kill(?)
you may cause to fall in distress(?)
you may
you slaughter them.
you them.
you them.
you them.
you them.
you them.
you
for them.
for them.
you
you
[th]em.
them.
[th]em.
[th]em.
th[em].
them.
[th]em.
We call upon you(?), lord of the gods
You may dismember their leaders,
you may slaughhter the ones with strong arm,
you may tame [their] strong ones,
you may slaughter [their] strong ones.
You may kill(?) [their(?)] confidants(?),
you may give their confidants(?)
you(?) may your(?) arrears(?) needs(?) of their crew(?) and so on(?).
[You] may cut (off) their [sins](?), you may despise(?) their names.
Then it may be repeated what they have done before.
You have come(?) yourself, be animated, be raised.
The team of cattle may be milked(?/suckled?) in peace.
Your face place, your face (shall be?) at
your love is in him(?).
your face, you may hear our [voice],
you may [beat {or the like}] (against) the rebells(?).
in him(?)
rejecting(?) of the reward(?) by(?) him.
truth in the cities and nomes.
as(?) listener (?/judge?) in it.
will not be replaced (?/represented?) in it(?).
recieve(?) in him.
respect(?) in (?/as?)
rob(?)
who is in him (?).
Come to
king
great
trembling
heavy
on him(?).
high
Mai-hsa(?)
your(?)
traces.
their , it is/they are
great(?)
this
traces.